Karen army and political leaders, mostly rightist oriented, interpreted this as a proof of the AFPFL government that it was impossible for Karen to live within a state controlled by this government.

Another two million ethnic minorities from Burma have found refuge in neighbouring countries. Yet this changed throughout the 1950s. The Consequences of Negotiated Settlements in Civil Wars, 1945–1993. The strength of this strategy is that it is hard to erase such a movement since it is very spread out and lacks a centre.

Your title should clearly indicate what specific situation you are analyzing. The NA-B is made up of the Three Brotherhood Alliance, plus Kachin Independence Army (KIA).

The first Karen was converted to Christianity on 16 May 1828.The introduction to and the acceptance of Christianity by the Sgaw Karen provided a way to distinguish themselves from Burmese Buddhists. It also highlighted abuses committed by insurgent groups in Kachin State, Rakhine State, and Shan State, including forced taxation, destruction of property, rape, and killings.The mission further documented similar patterns of human rights violations in Kachin and Shan States, which witnessed a drastic increase in fighting between the military and ethnic insurgent groups in the years preceding the report.

in: Asian Forms of the Nation, Stein Tonnesson and Hans Antlöv, eds. Obama and Aung San Suu Kyi Meet Again, With Battle Scars.

The Karen provided important military support for the British in these Anglo-Burmese wars. Today about three million Karen live in the Irrawaddy river delta and they have developed an urbanised society based on the agriculture of rice. Proceed to provide a brief general description of the situation (what is going on, who the major actors are, why this is interesting or important, etc. Democratic Voice of Burma: UNFC opens 2 top positions for KNU. Subsequently, they modernised the Karen script using the "A considerable number of Karen young men and a few young women are college graduates and are leading useful lives in various communities, as may be seen by looking over the list of officers in government positions in the Education, Forest, Police, Military and subordinate branches. (BBC documentary 'The History of the Karen people', Brouwer, Jelmer & Joris van Wijk (2013) "Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma" in: Small Wars & Insurgencies, 24:5, pp. Dear Friends and Colleagues, due to current lack of resources, Disasters, 24(3), 228–239.Karenni Army (KA) (Myanmar), GROUPS – ASIA – ACTIVE, Jane's World Insurgency and Terrorism, 13 March 2012Phan, Zoya and Damien Lewis.

"Ethnic Rifts Strain Myanmar as It Moves Toward Democracy". p. 10 and Shirley L. Worland, "Displaced and misplaced or just displaced: Christian Displaced Karen Identity after Sixty Years of War in Burma" PhD. Never before had these hill tribe Karen developed their own kingdom or gained any political or economical influence. In 2004 substantial ceasefire talks were held again between Gen. Bo Mya and Burmese general On 20 March 2010, 2 people were killed and 11 were wounded in a blast on a bus in Karen Burma was seized by the Japanese in World War Two, and became a major battleground as British, Indian, American, and Chinese forces battled against the Japanese. Burma was not to be governed from India from that point onwards. However, if only negotiated settlement is strictly employed with an able third party mediation as suggested by the theoreticians, including a degree of legitimacy acknowledgment given to the EAOs by the government, the pessimistic outlook may perhaps turn into an optimistic situation and energize the flagging peace process.

BCN does this through information dissemination, lobby and campaign work, and the strengthening of Burmese civil society organisations. By this process the missionaries created the category of Karen and Karen history and traditions. In other words, Burma recently is in the era of “negotiated settlement and rejection of a terrorist group with non-negotiation posture.” Principally the government is employing negotiated settlement to end the civil war. Thomas most likely hoped that the British trained Karen officials would use their higher positions to gain influence in the anti-British Burman squadrons. Cornell Southeast Asia Program: United States of America, 2002, p. 11

The conflict is also the world's longest ongoing civil war, having spanned more than seven decades. In 1954 the British Service Mission (BSM) was closed.

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