Flat image fields are desirable in photography in order to match the film plane and projection when the enlarging paper or projection screen lie on a flat surface. This is known as field curvature, and is our next general problem that is caused by the same set of ray aberrations.

Distortion refers to deformation of an image. Flat image fields are desirable in photography in order to match the film plane and projection when the enlarging paper or projection screen lie on a flat surface.

This effect leads to the problem of field curvature.

PL provides various digital photography news, reviews, articles, tips, tutorials and guides to photographers of all levelsField Curvature, also known as “curvature of field” or “Petzval field curvature”, is a common optical problem that causes a flat object to appear sharp only in a certain part(s) of the frame, instead of being uniformly sharp across the frame.

The second method is to focus in the center and then focus in the corner separately to assess each separately. The first method involves focusing in the center of the frame and then looking at both the center and the corner when evaluating sharpness.

The increased depth of focus when stopping down masks it, so that it is not noticeable. Hence, providing test data only for close distances, or only for subjects at infinity does not provide enough information to fully evaluate the effect of field curvature.If you are interested in reading more, below is the list of articles on other types of aberrations and issues that we have previously published on Photography Life:By checking this box I consent to the use of my information, as detailed in the Nasim Mansurov is the author and founder of Photography Life, based out of Denver, Colorado.

I have a wide angle rangefinder lens that exhibits extreme field curvature, being most prominent at longer subject distances although it can be detected at almost any distance. It's the fourth term before here. Just an example: Why do 100 lines/mm relate to “resolving power” and 30 lines/mm for “contrast transmiting ability”. Hence, if you focus in the center, both the center and the corners would appear sharp, but the mid-frame would appear softer in comparison. If we were to focus on each section of the frame separately, it would hide the effect of field curvature, which we believe is a serious optical issue to disregard. As a result, field curvature can appear in different forms, often with “wavy” curvature, as shown below:Lenses with wavy field curvature can show sharp center and corner performance, but soft mid-frame performance. What field curvature is, is I know as I make my object distance larger in this typical positive lens imaging condition, my image distance must get smaller. …a paraboloidal surface called the Petzval surface (after József Petzval, a Hungarian mathematician). Both methods can potentially lead to different results and conclusions. The lens is set up to backfocus so that if the center of the frame’s subject is focused on, it will be in well in front of the zone of focus (due to backfocusing) but the sides and edges of the frame due to the extreme field curvature are placed perfectly in the depth of field and are razor sharp. Curvature of field in optical microscopy is a common and annoying aberration that is familiar to most experienced microscopists. That's something we learned in course 1. For a doublet objective, Petzval radius of curvature is given by: . On top of that, with increased sensor resolution on recent digital cameras, the effect of field curvature is even more relevant and evident today.Unfortunately, field curvature is not limited to the “simple” type illustrated above. The nominal curvature of this surface is the reciprocal of the lens radius and is referred to as the Petzval Curvature of the lens. When it comes to testing lenses, there are typically two methods. Also, zonal softness can be caused from spherical aberration, while leaving the marginal and paraxial areas sharper.A question that bother me is whether shorter flange distance such as Sony’s E mount mirrorless cameras will result in more field curvative issues that require a higher lens design skills and if result will be improved using A mount lens via adapter .Are you sure that the MTF curve is conclusive with regard to field curvature? Field Curvature, also known as “curvature of field” or “Petzval field curvature”, is a common optical problem that causes a flat object to appear sharp only in a certain part(s) of the frame, instead of being uniformly sharp across the frame. The effect of field curvature varies by lens design. Some will acquire focus in the center, mid-frame and corner separately. So, we're going to look at those now.

The center appears sharp, while the mid-frame is much softer in comparison, with corners being better than the mid-frame (if I focused in the mid-frame, both the center and the corner would appear soft).

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